Gynecomastia is the development of female-type breast enlargement in males. Breast growth in men is not always a sign of disease. The most common cause of gynecomastia is often unknown or related to obesity. It can also result from certain medications or hormonal changes. Gynecomastia, typically associated with hormonal changes, most commonly occurs during puberty in males. Additionally, other conditions leading to gynecomastia should be evaluated in affected individuals. Gynecomastia often leads to social and psychological issues. It is a difficult problem to correct through exercise or diet alone.
Gynecomastia, which affects nearly 40% of men, can cause significant confidence issues and occasionally become a serious problem. Gynecomastia surgery is the most effective method for resolving this issue. There are three main types: glandular, characterized by actual breast tissue enlargement; lipomatous, involving an increase in fatty tissue; and mixed (combined), which includes both breast tissue and fatty tissue enlargement. Treatment varies depending on these types. Before surgery, ultrasound is used to examine the mass to determine whether it consists solely of fatty tissue.
Surgical treatment methods such as liposuction (fat removal) and excision of the gland are the most appropriate techniques for gynecomastia. These treatment methods vary based on the findings of the breast examination. Liposuction yields good results in patients with excess fatty tissue in the breast. In cases where there is both excess fatty tissue and glandular tissue, a combination of liposuction and excision of the glandular tissue may be necessary. If there is also excess skin along with excess fat and glandular tissue, removal of all three may be required.
For both techniques, it is recommended that the patient stay in the hospital overnight and wear a compression garment for one month post-surgery.
Among the surgical methods for gynecomastia, endoscopic surgery and laser liposuction are popular techniques nowadays. Patients can typically return to work and continue their daily activities just 2 days after the surgery.